Olle Gelin, Fredrik Henriksen, Rolf Volungholen, Rolf Björheden
Journal of Terramechanics, Volume 90, 2020, Pages 41-48, ISSN 0022-4898
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jterra.2020.01.003. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022489820300033)
Abstract: The Nordic forest industry requires just-in-time wood deliveries. Operations must continue regardless of season, weather and terrain. Soil compaction and deep ruts must be avoided while providing high performance and a reasonable working environment for operators. The Xt28 pendulum arm forwarder is a full-size concept forwarder with six hydrostatic propelled wheels on pendulum arms built on a three-piece frame connected with two articulation joints. The Xt28 concept machine was tested according to Skogforsk standard machine tests. Rut depth test focused on soil interaction where rut depth was measured related to number of passes. Machine dynamics were measured using standardized test track with focus on operator comfort. The project proved the potential of pendulum arm technology in off-road transportation. Automatic pendulum arm levelling, equalized ground pressure between wheels and improved operator comfort through reducing adverse vibrations and roll angles, simultaneously reducing dynamic forces transferred to the forest floor. Pendulum arm technology improves travel speed in adverse terrain, providing unparalleled side slope capability and enhanced productivity.
Keywords: Off-road; Pendulum arms; Concept machine; Forestry; Operator environment; Vibrations; Soil impact; Rutting